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Machine Learning for OpenCV
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Another famous dataset in the world of machine learning is called the Iris dataset. The Iris dataset contains measurements of 150 iris flowers from three different species: setosa, versicolor, and viriginica. These measurements include the length and width of the petals, and the length and width of the sepals, all measured in centimeters:
An iris flower
Our goal is to build a machine learning model that can learn the measurements of these iris flowers, whose species are known, so that we can predict the species for a new iris flower.
Despite its name, logistic regression can actually be used as a model for classification. It uses a logistic function (or sigmoid) to convert any real-valued input x into a predicted output value ŷ that takes values between 0 and 1, as shown in the following figure:
The logistic function
Rounding ŷ to the nearest integer effectively classifies the input as belonging either to class...