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PostgreSQL 10 High Performance
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The simple performance tools on a Unix-derived system are straightforward to use, and it's easy to show examples of good and bad behavior—the best way to teach how those tools are useful for monitoring. Note that the general background here, and the examples of what to look for, are still relevant even on a Windows system. The underlying hardware, the way the operating systems work, and the resulting performance concepts are no different. There's a table in a later section of this chapter that shows how to translate between the Unix and Windows monitoring terminology.
The server used here is the same one described in the pgbench
chapter. For these examples, initially a small pgbench
database was created with a scale of 100 (one that easily fits into RAM), and the standard mixed test was run:
$ pgbench -i -s 100 pgbench$ pgbench -j 4 -c 8 -T 300 pgbench
This gave approximately 2000 transactions/second. Larger tests with lower TPS values will appear later as...